Classification of elements and periodicity in properties

Modem periodic law and present form of the periodic table

s, p. d and f block elements

Periodic trends in properties of elements

atomic and ionic radii, ionization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, valence, oxidation states and chemical reactivity

Steps involved in the extraction of metals

concentration, reduction (chemical and electrolytic methods), and refining with special reference to the extraction of Al. Cu, Zn, and Fe

Thermodynamic and electrochemical principles involved in the extraction of metals